What should a nurse teach a newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus client regarding insulin injections?

The correct choice focuses on the importance of rotating insulin injection sites systematically. This practice is essential for several reasons. First, rotating sites helps to prevent lipodystrophy, a condition where fatty lumps or indentations form under the skin due to repeated injections in the same area. These changes in the skin can affect insulin absorption and lead to unpredictable blood glucose levels.

By using different injection sites within an area, such as the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm, the nurse can help maintain consistent and effective insulin absorption, ensuring that the client receives the correct dosage into their system without complications. It also promotes better management of diabetes, as insulin administration becomes more effective, reducing the risk of hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia.

In contrast, keeping insulin vials refrigerated at all times is not necessary for vials currently being used; they can typically be stored at room temperature for up to 28 days after opening, depending on the type of insulin. Increasing the dosage before unusual exercise can be risky as exercise may lower blood sugar levels; dosage adjustments should be made cautiously and usually require monitoring blood sugar levels. Monitoring urine for acetone is not a standard practice for dosage adjustments and is more relevant in specific situations such as diabetic ketoacidosis rather than routine diabetes