What should a nurse instruct a client taking allopurinol (Zyloprim)?

The appropriate instruction for a client taking allopurinol is to encourage them to drink 3000 mL of fluid per day. This recommendation is based on the medication's purpose and its effects on the body. Allopurinol is used primarily to lower uric acid levels in the blood, which is crucial for managing conditions like gout and certain types of kidney stones. Increasing fluid intake helps dilute the uric acid in the urine and promotes its excretion, ultimately reducing the risk of kidney stones and ensuring more effective medication action.

Inadequate fluid intake can concentrate uric acid in the system and may lead to complications. Therefore, a high fluid intake is essential in conjunction with this medication to help prevent any adverse effects on the kidneys and maintain good hydration.

Other instructions related to allopurinol, such as taking it on an empty stomach, would be insignificant compared to the importance of hydration. The medication does not provide immediate effects, as it works gradually to decrease uric acid levels over time. Additionally, swelling of the lips is not a normal response; it could indicate an allergic reaction, which would require immediate medical attention.